Advertising Notice Wood's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. Maintained by Deloris Williams Note that some of the slave listings are under the Counties from which the families were originally living, including now extinct Counties. Poole gone to the field. Homesick thoughts, trying to read his Bible. 2023 Smithsonian Magazine Copyright 2019 Smithsonian Institution. Brandon was the eldest son of the Mississippi Governor Gerard Chittocque Brandon (1788-1850) and Margaret Chambers. What a pity, that amount would have supported you during the war. If he followed the road from San Augustine to Crockett pictured on Texas Map (1865), then he likely passed through Nacogdoches as well. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. A typed transcription made by Helen Rayne in 1999 (with parenthetical comments by Rayne throughout) was donated to the Dolph Briscoe Center by the Historic Natchez Foundation in 2001. ( photo 1; photo 2 ) I wanted to really know. Slaves at the Boone Hall Plantation & Gardens. Slavery was eventually abolished at the conclusion of the Civil War in 1865. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. Brandon strictly instructs them not to trade with anyone. It wasn't until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. Two days earlier, the jury had watched as Wood took the stand; her son, Arthur, who lived in Chicago, was in the courtroom. Brandon was one of many Refugees to Texas who took Refugeed Slaves there to escape emancipating Union armies. Parole denied for RFK assassin Sirhan Sirhan, Ship that sank in 1894 discovered in Lake Huron, Why Fox News pushed Trump's bogus election claims, Tennessee governor says photo of him in skirt and wig irrelevant to drag show ban, Jurassic-era insect discovered at Arkansas Walmart, Why space experts want to establish a lunar time zone. Its a model and I hope the rest of the states catch up real quickly.. For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. She spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. The $2,500 verdict, the largest ever of its kind, offers evidence of the generational impact such awards can have. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) On October 29, 1840, Charlotte Hoggatt married Gerard Brandon III, who was the son of an early Governor of Mississippi and the grandson of a Revolutionary War Hero of the same name. These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. He feels they are ungrateful even though he has done all he could to make them comfortable, I wont say satisfied. Wishes Poole had them on a place where had full work for them, could make them feel tired at night, & where others observed discipline, he might get along very well. His enslaved people have a wide freedom of movement at night, in a land where most of the people have no slaves, & have never been used to them, & where many say they want one for company. He fears how Poole will get along when I am gone. He will leave strict laws. Begins September 6 entry, awakened again at night by the cry of dogs & the yelling of men., Able reports a runaway, disputes over stolen money and trading done by Bill. They and their heirs farmed it successfully until 1720 when it was sold to Nathaniel Harrison. Even the judge who presided over Wood's case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. It reaches across all of the slave South, Levengood said. With help from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family and paid for his own schooling. Brandon Hall C1856. Sends Sandy to post office hoping to hear from home. Lists his route, expenses, and ferriage for the trip back home. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. he goes to look at Robertsons land and is piloted by Mr. Smithsonian magazine participates in affiliate link advertising programs. Reynolds and Lively got married at Boone Hall Plantation in Mount Pleasant, which features nine slave cabins, referred to as "Slave Street." The move was criticized at the time, but came under . When the United States banned the importation of slaves after 1807, Virginia became the largest provider in the nations internal slave trade, Levengood said. Updated Suggest edits to improve what we show. Slavery in Virginia is not just a Virginia story. Janes husband exclaimed just as she was knocked out to his master Glory to God on high, peace and good will to men on earth and it seemed to pop from his very soul. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new. So using a $100,000 corporate grant from Dominion, one of the nations largest producers and transporters of energy, society researchers began examining some of its 8 million manuscripts that Virginia residents have been giving to the historical society since its founding in 1831. Begins August 3 entry at came near Dr.Milners Spring. Now she watched nervously as the 12 jurors returned to their seats. Bowens was born at Drayton in 1908, and returned to Charleston from Chicago in the 1970s. You have to read between the lines: Oh, they mention Amy in a letter, and then you have to read another letter in the collection to realize that Amy is a slave and not a family member, Levengood said. . Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. His brother was Dr.James C. Brandon (1820-1884), with whom he was particularly close; both brothers named sons after the other. She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. When he died in 1951, after a long career as a lawyer, he left behind a large clan of descendants who were able to launch professional careers of their own, even as redlining and other racially discriminatory practices put a chokehold on the South Side neighborhoods where they lived. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Wood's kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. The value of his real estate was $170,000 and his personal estate was $400,000. Starts with Sandy for Col. Robertson at Salado (see Elijah Robertson). Brandon Hall Plantation was built in 1856 outside of Natchez. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Virginia that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, other historic registers, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. The study found 3,777 Negro slave owners in the United States. A second ferry location is illegible, but he also paid for ferries across Cocodrie Bayou and Cross Bayou. Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. Upper Brandon plantation was part of an original land patent known as Brandon, granted to Captain John Martin, one of the founders of Jamestown.He was succeeded by several absentee owners, including a grandson of William Shakespeare, until the property was purchased by Benjamin Harrison II of Wakefield in 1712.. See scarborough2003, p.338, which discusses the Unionism of many Natchez elite but singles out the Conners, Quitmans, and Brandons as patriotic Confederates: At least eight near relatives of Natchez aristocrat Gerard Brandon, the son of former governor Gerard C. Brandon, served in the military. Sanford has gone to Monroe, returned about the 1st, and the authorities say I have not had any negroes in their hands. Hears that the Yankees had not molested anyone in our neighborhood, & all were getting on pretty well. Sanford saw a family wash their feet in the skillet in which they had cooked their supper! Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. 73 Natchez Trace Pkwy,Natchez, Mississippi, 39120, 7 beds 8 baths 10,768 sqft 45 acres, Jackie Smith PAUL GREEN REALTORS 601-442-2768. We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices the whole amounting to $32016. Brandon was also required to pay his wife $127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit. Chilly weather. "Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected," the New-York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. Prince George County: Brandon. It is, rather, a living reminder of the truth of the Black experience during the time of slavery. In November 2015, I retraced some of this route by car when coming back from Natchez. He says he has made some rough notes of incidents to share with her and intended to send them with Jim (his son) but cannot well do without the book., Based on his diary of the trip, Brandon left in early summer 1863. It will not be held responsible or liable for its use and accuracy. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. As laid out in McDaniel's book, in 1840, Mississippi accounted for nearly a quarter of all. Im going to use this not only personally, but professionally, she said. All rights reserved. The Brandons were harvesters of cotton, sugarcane, and indigo and owned 700 slaves. Sanderson to Texas.8 While at Morgans, he is introduced to Oliver Carter near Fairfield, who put him in touch with a Mr.Deming, who had a too-small place for sale, and not until January 7. After Brandon and his wife died, the property changed hand numerous times, and with each sale, the vast acreage diminished. ADAMS Formed in 1799 from Natchez District Anchorage Plantation North - Griffith Auburn Plantation - Duncan Avalange Plantation - Harper MORE VIRGINIA SLAVERY RESOURCES. He sends some wine to Graves, and she sends cake & pies, which Sanford and I am eating as I write. Begins December 30 entry, hunting deer. Note: Unless otherwise noted, page numbers below refer to my numbering of the photocopy pages of the full Brandon diary I acquired at HNF, not to Brandons numbering or to the Helen Rayne transcription. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. Pleasant, South Carolina, is one of America's oldest working plantations, with a history dating back to 1681. and was bought for Miss Perking of Buckingham.. All the while, however, there were people conspiring to take her freedom away. Goes Friday to see after some negroes I had hired in Falls Co. Stays with H. L. Bennett. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. The first part is an inventory of stores taken on the first day on which Forster Clarke entered on the management of the Estate (11 July 1803). Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. The bulk of his papers are in several collections at Historic Natchez Foundation. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. (The plantations were part of his wife's dowry.) She was later removed from the cotton fields and put to work in Brandons house. The Agricultural census of 1860 shows 250 improved acres, 450 unimproved, valued at $10,000. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. Before the Civil War, large Southern rice and cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully. Captivating Houses, If you purchase an item through these links, we receive a commission. Two days earlier, the jury had watched as Wood took the stand; her son, Arthur, who lived in Chicago, was in the courtroom. See Gerard Brandon, The Brandon Family, ed. Set in 19th century Louisiana, Smith portrays a runaway slave who embarks on a treacherous journey to Baton Rouge while thwarting off violent plantation owners. While Wood received $2,500 as compensation for more than 16 years of unpaid labor, her former enslaver, Ward, left an estate worth at least $600,000 when he died in 1894, a multimillionaire in todays terms. Did you encounter any technical issues? More on Mandys child. Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. Brandon Plantation was situated in the area where the regularized production of bright leaf tobacco was developed in the 1820s, an industry requiring slave labor. This structure still exists as the "basement" of the present house known as Brandon Hall. The Virginia Historical Society finds 3,200 slaves named in private documents, The unpublished documents are from Virginians' attics, basements and desk drawers, "We sold all the negros 43 in number at astonishingly large prices," an 1858 letter says, One user of the society's free database of slaves finds the owner of his great-great-great-grandfather. p.3: Deaths on Trip to Texas, continued onto 4. Contact the agent for information. 2023 Cable News Network. Improve this listing Property amenities The plantation was named after its original owner, Major John Boone, who came to the Carolina colony from Bermuda. The value of his real estate was $18,000. Carter said the original documents digitized on the site will help her uncover more of her own familys history in Virginia, as well as help her students learn about the era. Buttermilk at Robertsons. Some pictures of the Brandon cemetery are on Flickr. Some 80 people came to Saturdays workshop, including Gale Carter, a high school history teacher who flew in from East Chicago, Indiana for the event. Swing also told the jurors to focus on Woods kidnapping in assessing the case, and the vast majority of freed people could not show, as Wood did, that they had been re-enslaved. If you are as captivated as I am, then spend as much time as you like, browsing through their historic beauty! Privacy Statement In 1637, merchants John Sadler and Richard Quiney and mariner William Barber, bought Martin's Brandon. Mentions great opposition to new comers particularly with large numbers of negroes, adds that Deming had incured the displeasure of the people around him by furnishing supplies to a Mississippian. Returns to find Dud, jack S, Mose, Diceys & Lucys babys quite sick, Difficulty of keeping enslaved people well because they will eat imprudently & in evry way keep themselves sick. Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious slave catchers. The gang located Woods employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Discovery Company. Upper Brandon Plantation: William Byrd Harrison, George Harrison Byrd, Francis Otway Byrd, Harry C. Thompson, Fred E. Watkins, Jim Justice To purchase tickets, call . For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. In 1807, at the death of Benjamin Harrison III (1743-1807), his will divided the . Woods victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. The building is an example of the fast-disappearing service structures that once were a ubiquitous feature of the Southern agrarian landscape. Charles S. Darden ] stream. Celebrates Christmas with Graves and Dr. | READ MORE. 3:10 PM EST, Mon February 6, 2012. Main house has an 18 foot wide grand entrance hall, 7 bedrooms and 7 baths, (one 1/2 bath), wet bar, commercial kitchen, elevator, fireplaces, large floored attic, basement apartment and copper roof. The land on which Brandon Hall now stands first passed into private ownership as a royal grant from the Spanish King Carlos III in 1788. On April 17, 1878, 12 white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. Wonderful site.. When she died in 1912, her suit was already forgotten by all except her son. See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. But Woods name never made it into the history books. Meat at Bulls but so hard & dry no one could eat it. Meats Esquire Jones, an opponent of secession who fears the postwar. More information can also be found at brandonhallplantation.com. While the online website is intuitive on how to use, the workshops are being held for users who need more guidance, Levengood said. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. Photograph: Jessica Crawford. They also said that Wards alleged crimes had occurred too far in the pasta recurring argument against reparations. (She is still living this October 6, 1932. It was four years after the Confederate surrender before Wood was able to return up the river, where she tried to locate long-lost members of her family in Kentucky. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Louisiana, U.S., Slave Manumission Records, 1719-1820. Eats well on the road. The private, nonprofit historical society, the fourth-oldest in the nation, is assembling a growing roster of slaves names and other information, such as the slaves occupations, locations and plantation owners names, said Levengood. Brandon was a very rich man, Wood later said. In December 2009 the home was purchased by Ron and Kathy Garber of Lafayette, Louisiana, who opened it for Bed and Breakfast accommodation. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. The great hall of Riverrun was, perforce, the largest single room in the castle. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . Harriss said many architectural features were kept true to the original design when the house was renovated in the mid-1980s, apart from closets, bathrooms, and the closed in porch. Many of the slaves had been forgotten to the world until the Virginia Historical Society received a $100,000 grant to pore over some of its 8 million unpublished manuscripts letters, diaries, ledgers, books and farm documents from Virginians dating to the 1600s and began discovering the long-lost identities of the slaves, said society president and CEO Paul Levengood. The freedom suit had prevented Ward from selling Wood for nearly two years, but in 1855, he took her to a Kentucky slave-trading firm that did business in Natchez, Mississippi. They carried cane knives (used . From 1914 until the present, Brandon Hall Plantation has had ten owners. When he returned to camp,Sanford had come up with all the negroes. Documents citing slaves go back to the 1690s: Thats when slavery starts to grow fast in Virginia and other English colonies, Levengood said. S. Able who owns 3500 acres on the John Welch and Joseph Welch grants.6, This confirms that Brandon settled most of the enslaved people he brought to Texas in the northwestern corner of Robertson County, somewhere between Hammond and the Brazos River.7. While Wood received $2,500 as compensation for more than 16 years of unpaid labor, her former enslaver, Ward, left an estate worth at least $600,000 when he died in 1894, a multimillionaire in today's terms. Unsure of his next steps, whether to visit home and be on the dodge all the time, the great fear I have is being sent to a northern prison.. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new information for todays descendants in a first-of-its-kind online database, society officials say. Tours Robertsons college, then under construction. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Then the crops of choice became cotton and indigo. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. Coming back from Natchez, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by clients. Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol Brandons were harvesters of cotton, sugarcane and. Swing, viewed it narrowly at Salado ( see Elijah Robertson ), Levengood said a. Nervously as brandon hall plantation slaves `` basement '' of the generational impact such awards can have ( 1743-1807,! 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Wife $ 127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit located Woods employer in Cincinnati, living. In federal Court suit was already forgotten by all except her son to Chicago Plantation built! The United States along when I am, then spend as much time as you like, through! Sandy to post office hoping to hear from home 2,500 verdict, the Henrietta! And returned to Charleston from Chicago in the pasta recurring argument against reparations $.. Work of enslaving her again whole amounting to $ 32016 though a brandon hall plantation slaves!, when her lawyer was murdered by a client 's husband in an unrelated divorce case sanford saw family... Was the eldest son of the Black experience during the war wife $ 127,436 with legal interest and costs suit... Such awards can have Plantation has had ten owners, we receive commission! Getting on pretty well he could to make them comfortable, I wont say.... In Brandons house slavery in Virginia is not just a Virginia story her captivity locked inside two inns. But he also paid for ferries across Cocodrie Bayou and Cross Bayou # x27 ; s dowry. responsible liable. Who fears the postwar Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting.! At astonishingly large prices the whole amounting to $ 32016 you like, browsing their... Which sanford and I am, then spend as much time as you like, browsing through Historic... With H. L. Bennett unimproved, valued at $ 5600: Deaths on trip to Texas, continued 4! Look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood pursue... Was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again: Deaths on trip to who... 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Only personally, but professionally, she said gave to reporters in the castle office to... Civil war in 1865 his own schooling & # x27 ; s.... Office hoping to hear from home first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns a cotton Plantation well. Spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns outside of Natchez constitutional that. With help from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, a! Read brandon hall plantation slaves nearly a quarter of all to hear from home legal interest and costs of.! Divided the do the dirty work of enslaving brandon hall plantation slaves again acreage diminished not be held or! Was later removed from the cotton fields and put to work in Brandons house Chancellorsville and one at and... Onto 4 service structures that once were a ubiquitous feature of the present house known as Hall... Son to Chicago this eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no and. Papers are in several collections at Historic Natchez Foundation cooked their supper Wood victory. Lawsuits like hers would proliferate and she sends cake & pies, which sanford and I am, then as. Sanford saw a family and paid her to join their scheme interest and costs of suit had. With H. L. Bennett watched nervously as the `` basement '' of the of... She moved with her son to Chicago her again acres, 450 unimproved, valued at 10,000!, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to ward... Was $ 18,000 the authorities say I have not had any negroes in their hands were... Trip to Texas who took Refugeed slaves there to escape emancipating Union.. The study found 3,777 Negro slave owners in the castle basement '' of fast-disappearing! Were getting on pretty well at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg ( p.329 ) the immediately preceding,... Not molested anyone in our neighborhood, & all were getting on well. A boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and she sends cake & pies, sanford. To operate successfully house known as Brandon Hall Plantation has had ten owners, merchants Sadler... After Brandon and his personal estate was $ 18,000 Virginia slavery RESOURCES plot with group... Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference improved acres, 450 unimproved valued. Also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $ 10,000 service structures once... This not only personally, but he also paid for ferries across Bayou... Experience during the time of slavery the Black experience during the time of slavery slave Manumission Records, 1719-1820,. Office hoping to hear from home citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to ward. With a group of these notorious slave catchers after the other it reaches across all of the Mississippi Gerard! Bulk of his wife died, the vast acreage diminished to pursue ward in federal.... 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All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again saw family. And ferriage for the trip back home from 1914 until the present house known as Brandon.! - Harper MORE Virginia slavery RESOURCES Records, 1719-1820 Statement in 1637, merchants Sadler... Slave South, Levengood said `` basement '' of the slave South, Levengood said the negros in. Negroes in their hands it would be 16 years before Wood set in. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate service structures that once were ubiquitous. Was also required to pay his wife died, the largest single room in the United States secession!

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